Human as a social being needs to interact and
communicate with others inthe society. The intention in communicating with
others is many, which one of those are to get and to exchange information. The
media used in communication are also various. As an international language, English is used in many online
news, one of the most famous of all is The New York Times. Regarding with
online news, the advantage is not only to increase people’s information but
also to enlarge their knowledge, especially for the EFL students. As for the
EFL students, it can increase their vocabulary and provide them with the larger
scope of reading material. In this research, the researcher focused the
analysis on the Syntactic categories, Phrase Structure Trees and Phrase
Structure rules. It is necesary to know the class word (syntactic category),
what this certain word belongs to. This is to prevent the possibility of
misunderstanding. Phrase structure trees allow us to break down a sentence
until the very base construction, in this case is syntactic and lexical
categories so that we will find out what class a word is in a sentence. Later,
the researcher expects to find out the sentence/phrase structure patterns
occurred in the New York Times headline to know the trend of language structure
used in the headlines.
The statement of research problems are: 1) What
phrase structure patterns are found in New York Times headlines? 2) What phrase
structure pattern most frequently occurred in New York Times headlines?
Hence, the purposes
of this research are: 1)To know the
phrase structure
patterns found in New York Times headlines. 2)
To know the most frequent phrase structure pattern occurred in New York Times
headlines.
The method used in
this research was generated to quantitative research in reason of that the
analysis was dealing with number as well of percentage. The researcher analyzed
the headline by using phrase structure tree pattern based on phrase structure
rule to find the trend of sentence pattern occurred. Thus, the approach again
was specified into descriptive quantitative. Later, the data percentage was
used to uncover what kind of phrase structure patterns are found on the
headlines in The New York Times and what phrase structure pattern most
frequently occurs.
The research findings show that the most
frequent phrase structure pattern
occurred
in The New York Times article’s headlines in the first two weeks of May
was the pattern of S à NP VP. This type of pattern was found 83 times
among 192 total of headlines analyzed by the researcher with the percentage of
43%. The next type of phrase structure tree was NP à (Art) N
(PP) that occurred with 18 occurrances and percentage of 9,4%. The third type
of phrase structure occurred was NP à N (PP) with 13 occurrances and percentage of
6,8%. Next was the pattern of S à NP (Aux) VP happened to be the fourth type of
pattern with 10 occurrances and percentage of 5%. Other types of phrase
structure occurred were below 10 occurrances with the percentage below 5% among
the total percentage. The least patterns occurr are the pattern of VPà V (PP),
VP à V (TP),
NP à (Adj) N
(N), NP à (Art)
(Det) (Adj) N, and PP à Prep NP
(VP) withonly one occurrance of each and
percentage of 0,5%.
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